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- ANSI: It stands for American National Standards Institute. This is the place
that sets standards for data communications, like
the Internet.
- Analog: Not digital. This is data in the
form of a continuous flow. A record or a tape is analog.
Digital, on the other hand, is in pieces or samples.
More to come on that.
- AppleShare: This is Apple Computer's network
system. It allows many different end users (people
on computers) to attach to one central location and
get files. (Sound familiar?)
- Archie: Search tool used to find resources
stored on Internet-based FTP servers.
- ASCII: It stands for American Standard Code Information Exchange. This
is text. It's all those things you see on your keyboard.
However, it is standardized text so data transfer
is allowed between systems. It works by representing
letters and characters through a seven-digit code
of ones and zeros. An example would be that "Joe"
might look like this to the computer:
0011010,0111100,01010011
- Asynchronous: Transferring data with the
help of start and stop bits that indicate the beginning
and end of each character being sent.
- ASP: Active Server Pages.
A Web development language from Microsoft that runs
on their server software.
- AVI: Stands for Audio/Video Interleaved. Microsoft's format for encoding
video & audio for digital transmission.
- Backbone: Well, all of these computers have
to come together somewhere. There are many "backbones"
on the Internet. Think of the backbone as the next
larger grouping of computers you connect with to get
included in the Web. You're at the end of a rib coming
off of the backbone -- get the picture? The main backbone
of the Internet here in the U.S. is the NSFNet. It
stands for National Science Foundation
Net.
- Bandwidth: The carrying capacity of a wire
attached from one computer to another. It is usually
measured in the amount of bits carried. You know that
28.8 modem you have? It will allow a bandwidth of
28,800 bits per second.
- Baud: This is a measurement of the amount
of data that can be transferred in one second. Example:
A 14.4 baud modem can transfer 14,400 bits of information
in one second.
- BBS: Stands for Bulletin Board Service.
- BIOS: Stands for Basic Input/Output System. This is the little set of programs
that lets all the different parts of the computer
talk to each other.
- Binary: This is a basic system of numbering
using ones and zeros.
- Bit/s: "Bit" is a grouping of the words
"binary" and "digits." Think of a bit as a number,
a 1 or a 0 to be exact. A grouping of bits helps to
make up ASCII code. Data transfer is often in terms
of the number of these "bits" that can be moved in
a second.
- BMP (pronounced "bimp"): It's a bitmap,
an image made up of little dots.
- Buffer: The buffer is a section of the computer
where data is stored before being used. This buffering
allows time for an application to fix differences
in bit rates among other things. It creates a space
of time for compensation.
- Browser: User's software program for viewing
& browsing information on the Internet.
- Burst: Most people know this from "pipeline
burst cache." Burst means to send data in a large
package all at one time rather than small bits over
a longer time.
- Bus: There are wires between all the parts
of your computer. There is a wire from the memory
to the brain, and from the brain to the printer, etc.,
etc. Those wires are called busses. They differ from
one another by the amount of data they will transfer
at one time.
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